Monday 26 September 2011

Heating and Cooling of a Pure Substance

The Heating Stages:                                       The Cooling Stages:
A:-the substance is solid at this stage.                L:-substance has reached room temperature
-strong bonds, vibrates at a fixed position.             
-closely packed in an orderly fashion.
A-B:-heat energy is converted to kinetic energy. K-L:-solid
-vibrates a little faster, temperature rises.                -Temperature decreases
B-C:-heat released here, latent heat of fusion.     J-K:-liquid changing to solid
-temperature remains constant.                                -particles arranged into an ordered pattern
-melting point.
C:-Liquid only.                                                  J:-starts to freeze into a solid

C-D:-temperature continues to rise.                   I-J:-move closer to each other
-particles move faster                                               -vibrate slower, temperature decreases
D:-some molecules start to move freely             I:-Liquid
-starts changing from liquid to gas.
D-E:-Boiling point                                             H-I:-continuation of condensation
-heat used to break bonds                                         -stronger bonds form, gas to liquid
-temperature stays the same                                      -latent heat of evaporation, boiling point
E:-Gas                                                                H:-start to form inter molecular bonds
                                                                               -condensation begins, liquid starts to form
E-F:-particles move faster                                   G-H:-kinetic energy decreases
-temperature increases as heating continues.                 -particles are getting closer
                                                                                   -temperature decreases

1 comment:

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