The Formation of Acids

The Three Commandments for naming simple acids:


1. Thou shalt use the prefix "hydro" at the beginning of thine acid's name.

2. Thou shalt replace the last syllable of the name of the non-metal with "ic"

3. Thou shalt add the word acid at the end.

Examples:

Formula:                              Ionic Non-acid Name                            Acid Name

HCl(aq)                               hydrogen chloride                               hydrochloric acid

H2S(aq)                              hydrogen sulphide                               hydrosulphuric acid

Note: Ionic non-acid names are similar to naming any other ionic compound.


The Three Commandments for naming complex acids


1. Thou shalt remove the word hydrogen from the ionic non-acid name.

2. -If the negatively charged polyatomic ion name ends with the suffix "ate" thou shalt replace it with "ic".
    -If the negatively charged polatomic ion ends with the suffix "ite" thous shalt replace it with "ous".

3. Thou shalt add the word acid at the end.

Example:

Formula                                    Ionic Non-acid Name                                Acid Name

HClO4(aq)                                hydrogen chlorate                                      chloric acid

Note: You can use the phrase: We ate ic - y sushi and got appendic - ite - ous!


Laying Down the Law of Definite Composition ------- By Proust

Chemical Compounds will always have the same proportion as the elements they contain; in terms of mass.  This applies to anywhere in the universe.

           For example: H2O has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for a total mass of eighteen grams
                                ( H = 2g and O = 16 g)

Laying Down the Law of Multiple Proportion ------- By Dalton

The same elements can combine in more than one way to from to different compounds.

         For example: FeO and Fe2O are comprised of the same elements but as shown have more than one formation.