More Functional Groups: Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Ethers, Amines

Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Ethers, and Amines

Carboxylic Acids

• They are parent chains with a double bonded oxygen and alcohol connected to the end.
• Name is changed simply by adding 'oic' to the end of the parent chains name followed by acid.
• For example: Butane = Butanoic acid

Beautiful Butanoic acid

Esters

• They contain two chains of hydrocarbons separated by an oxygen and double bonded oxygen.
• The parent chain with no double bonded oxygen will be named first and given the ending 'yl'
• The parent chain with the double bonded oxygen will have the ending 'oate'
• For example(picture):

They give off fruity smells.

Ethers

• They consist of 2 groups connected by an oxygen in the middle.
• The shorter group is named first and ends with an 'oxy' ex: methoxy
• The other group will remain the same.

Nice and simple, Methoxybutane

Amines

• They are parent chains with NH2 connected somewhere to it.
• For naming simply add 'yl' then amino. ex: methyl aminoethane

Basic structure of an Amine